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Yini Umoya Oselwe Ngemvula Yensolwandle Unguqinise Ukusebenzisa Kwakho Kwezinsuku
Indlela zifanise ezikhishwe yizulu zenze ukuba zikhokelele ukuthutha kwekhaya
Iqiniso ngemva kwesicathami sokugcina amagugu ngokuthutha kwezulu kunye nokukhuphela kwebudlelwane
Izifanise zokugcina amagugu ekhishwe yindlela yokuthutha kwezulu zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obukhishwe yizulu ukuthutha amagugu aphumela kwiikhaya. Kwiminyaka emibi, ubudlelwane kwiikhaya ngaphakathi kakhulu kubuya ngaphezulu kwe-150 degrees Fahrenheit, kwaye kungenjalo ngaphandle. Le mgcamango ibuyela kwiindawo zokuphila kwaye yenze ukuba isisitemi sokugcina umntla sigcine ukusebenza. Iindlela ezinembile ngokuba le zifanise zokugcina amagugu zenze ukuba zikhokele ubudlelwane kwiikhaya kubudlelwane obukhulu kwezulu, ngokuxhomekeke kwezinye iintlobo zokuvavanya zase US Department of Energy. Xa kwiikhaya kugcinwa ubudele kwaye kube ngokulinganisa nezulu ngaphandle, ngaphantsi kwe mgcamango ophumela kwiikhaya. Oku kuthini ukuba abasebenzisi bekhaya bakhululekwa ukuba zifanise zokugcina amagugu zisebenze ngokuncinci, zikhokhele imali kwiindleko zokukhishwa ngaphandle kokungqinelwa.
Ukuthutha kwezinyathelo zokugcina umntla kwiindleko zokugcina umntla
Ukugcina amagugu ngokuthutha kwezulu ikhuthaza ukuthutha kwekhaya ngokuphelile ngemida emathathu ebalulekileyo:
- Ukuthutha ngokuzenzekela : Izindleke ezincane zokugcinwa kwezimoto kuvumela izinhlelo zokugcinwa nokulandela izisindo eziphumelelayo ngokusebenza okuncane ngama-15–20%
- Ukulungiselela kwezinqawomthetho : Izinhlelo eziphambene zisebenzisa izimoto ezingekho zokubhala DC nezinye zokulandela izindleke ezingu-10–20 watts—kuyadingana nezibhobho elilodwa le-LED
- Ukuphatha izindleke zokugcinwa : Ngokwemithi ye-ASHRAE, yonke i-CFM yokuqina kwemigwa ivusa i-1.08 BTU/ilanga leqanda, ukuvikela ukuthatha kwezindleke kusukela kuma-20–30% wokuthatha kwezindleke kwezinkanyezi
Isibonelo: Isenkaphakathi esiphelile kwezindleke zokugcinwa ngokusebenzisa izimoto zemigwa zokubonakala
Isibonelo esibangelwa kwezinyanga ezi-2 ePhlorida kwezindlu ezi-120 kuvela ukuthi izimoto zemigwa zokubonakala zivuselela izindleke zokugcinwa ngama-29.7% kusukela kuleli kala. Abakhokho baphumelela:
| METRIC | Ngaphambi kokufaka | Ngemuva kokufaka | Isenkaphakathi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isikhathi sokusebenza kwe-AC ngemva ngemva | 6.8 amahora | 4.7 amahora | 30.9% |
| Umoya weqile we-Attic | 87 BTU/ir·ft² | 53 BTU/ir·ft² | 39.1% |
| Kwazulu-KwaZulu kwekhuwamileyo | 48.2 kWh/usuku | 33.9 kWh/usuku | 29.6% |
Le ndlela yalethe ukuba kwezindlela zokuphila 3–7°F nguqotho ngekuba engenhla ikapacity ye-HVAC, ibonisa indima ye-ventilation yasemvini kwinkqubo yokuconywa kwegolide.
Ukuncipha izindleko zokuchaza kanye nekhiya le-HVAC
Indlela ethiwa nguye yasemvini kwezindlela zokuphila ziyasebenza kakhulu kwiindawo eziphezulu kwaye iyangqina iinkqubo ze-HVAC
Ngezinyanga zomhla, amakhaya kakhulu kungena ngama-90 pheesenti wamavumbuka weshwa, kwenza amakhaya aphakeme kakhulu okungaphezulu kwe-150 degrees Fahrenheit ngokwesicatshulwa sase-National Renewable Energy Lab ngo-2023. Lonke leli gqwaliso alikho kuphela, kodwa liba libuyela phansi kakhaya, libhola amadigri amathupha kuya kwezintathu. Ngalesi sikhathi, izikhondzo zokuchaza amahhala kudinga ukusebenza ngokukhulu, zisebenza kwa-20 ukuze kwe-30 pheesenti ngaphandle kwalokho ohlelwe. Le kinkempu efanayo iba yindlela yokugcinwa kwezikhondzo nezinhlobo zokugcinwa zokudlulisa amadlozi. Futhi, ukhumbule futhi ukuthi kwezimali, amakhaya a-merika endiza kubhela ama-dolola kwa-15 kuya kwe-40 ngamuhla ngokwaleli ngaphezulu.
Ukuphakama kwezinhlwa zeshwa kwi-Solar kwi-Skhondzo Efficiency ne-Runtime
Izifanise zasemoyeni zikhuthaza ukulwa kwezindleke ngekuhambisa kwezimali ezingama-300 kuya kuma-1,600 yezimali ezintsha ngemizuzwana ngayinye. Ngokwezimpendulo zokuhlola ebonile, lezi zixhobo zingakhuphela ubukhulu bokugcinwa kwezindleke kuma-15 kuya kuma-25 degere ye-Fahrenheit ngemva kwebhukwana ngemva kwebhukwana. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izixhobo zokuchaza umoya zisebenze ngokuphelelwe kwezingu-25 kuya kuma-30% emaswini aphakathi ngezimo eziphakathi zezulu, ngokwezimpendulo ezishicilelwe yidipha leMpilo ye-US Department of Energy ngo-2023. Xa kuzindleke kugcinwa okhulu, kukhona amandla wezinto engu- short cycling efana nezindleke zokusebenza kwe-HVAC ekuhambeni ngokusheshayo. I-Short cycling enza ukuthatha kwezingu-12 kuya kuma-18% yokuqala kwezindleke zokusebenza ngokungcono.
Ukubona kwezibonelo: I-40% Ngokwekusebenzisa i-AC Ngokwekusebenzisa i-Solar-Powered Ventilation
Ukutholwa kwezindaba ezifanayo ezikhona kwezinkundla ezingama-450 e-Amerika kwezinyanga ezingu-12 kuvelisile ukuthi abasebenzisa izinhlobo zokunyanga zasekhaya ezisematheni zasave ama-dola angu-180 kuya ama-dola angu-520 ngalinyanga kubili, okungu-310 ngecaleni. Abafundi basekhaya ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu ePhoenici neMiami bafunile imiphumela engqongqo futhi. Nalenyaka eliphezulu kakhulu kwezinyanga eziyisikhombisa kuya kwezinyanga eziyisithupa, ukusebenzisa izinhlobo zokunyanga zasekhaya zaziphansi nge-38 kuya 42%. Umasontfo (ngu-92%) wabona ukuthi amakhaya awo akhalela kakhulu kuzindlela ezithile. Ngoba lezi zinhlobo azidingi izindleko zokudla, abakhokho basekhaya bethola amadola abo ngemva kweminyaka engu-2 kuya engu-4 ngaphandle kokuphi basekhaya kulesi sifundo saseZimbabwe eshushwe ngo-2022.
| METRIC | I-Attic Esiyisikali | Ukunyanga Ngesithelo |
|---|---|---|
| Ukukhula Okuphezulu Kwe-Attic | 155°F | 112°F |
| Isikhathi Sokusebenza Kwe-AC Ngosuku | 6.8 amahora | 4.1 Ize |
| Imali Yokusebenza Ngosuku Lwesithupa | $215 | $144 |
| Idatha ikuvumela isifundo se-2023 sabantu basekhaya kaseMzantsi kase-United States (Cooling Efficiency Institute) |
Imiphumela Yemali Noma Okutholwayo Kwemali (ROI)
Imali yokuqala koma amanzi okugcina kanye ne-SolarPowered Fans
Ukufaka amafani athuthwa ngemali sokuthutha kuyindlela engu-600 kuya ngu-1200 uma kwenziwa ngabasebenzisi, hhonibapi abantu basekhaya basebiza ukuthi bafikelela ukunciphisa imali ngokuba lezi zinhlelo zinikeza ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zabo zokugcina noma ukulinda. Ilaborithori yeNkergi ephethwe yaseNkululeko yekhankatha yesiGcina leliPhepha lasekaya liphakathi lelihlo lalithi ukuthutha okuhle kungaphansi kwekhaya kunganciphisa izindleko zokugcina ngama-20 kuya ngama-30% ngalinye indanga kizindaweni ezineminyaka leminyaka. Amaphani wekhelileli ayenza ukuthi izindleko zokusebenza zingabe ngama-15 kuya ngama-30 ngalinye indanga, futhi lezi zokuthuthwa ngemali sokuthutha kuyindlela engasikho lapho kuzozokuthutha.
Imali yokusebenza engaviki: Ukunciphisa ukuthuthwa kwezindleko ngokugcwele
Amaphani athuthwa ngemali sokuthutha agxile kwiiphaneli zokuthutha nezindawo zokugcina ukusebenza ngendlela yokungadingi kwekhaya. Izinkinobho eziphambene nazo zilandela:
- Ayikho amaphesenti wokusebenza kwamagogo (izikhova zokugcina zokudlala zokudonsa zikhulela izikhwama zokudonsa ezingu-200-400 kwh ngokwesinye)
- Akudingeki ukubuyekeza amagogo - kuyisisekelo esiyiswe kakhulu
- Ukusebenza okwenziwe ngokuzenzekela ngokusebenzisa izinhloso zolwazi
Iqembu lokusebenza kwamagogo libala ukuba izindleko zokuphila zingaphansi kwe-$15/ngonyaka, ngokulinganisa ne-$200 ngokwesinye kwezinhlobo zokudonsa.
Isifundo sezinga: izikhova zokudonsa ezi-$200 ngokwesinye kwekhaya ngokwesinye
Isifundo esiphakathi kwezinyaka ezingu-12 kuPhoenix kubonisa ukuthi izikhova ezisebenzisa izulu zikhansela ukusebenza kwe-HVAC ngo-40% kwezikhaya ezingu-2,200 sq. ft. Abakhokeli bakhumula izikhova ezingaphezulu kwe-$200 ngokwesinye kuselamagogo yokugcina—bathola amaphesenti wokufaka ngemva kwezinyaka ezingu-5. Isifundo sasebenzisa futhi ukuba kukhona ukuncipha okuphakade kwezulu kwezinga elingu-27°F, okukhuluza ukunciphisa ukuguqula kwezulu kumakhiwano.
Ukuvikwa ngezulu njengesikwele esiphezulu sokuhlela khaya
Izimpawu zokudonsa kudinga ukunceda kwamagogo: ukuncipha kwezinhlobo zezulu
Ukuguqula kwezinhlobo zokushisa zokusebenza ngemali yasemkhumbini kusho ukuthi akudingeki ukusebenzisa umoya wesilinda xa kuxoxa ngekuxhasa umoya endaweni yabantu, okwaziwa ukuthi kwehlise ukuthandana kwezimali eziyinhlobo ezifulekileyo. Ake sibonise lokhu ngokweminye. Inhlobo yokushisa yasemkhumbini engu-500 watt yekhile yasekhaya iyakhiwa ukuthi inike amathonsi angu-500 wokondwane wokuthuthwa ngonyaka ngamunye ngokwesicelo leyo siphambanisa nezinhlobo zasemkhumbini zokusebenza ngemali yasemkhumbini esemqoka kakhulu ngaphandle kokuthuthwa ngeke kube khona. Kanti, lezi zinhlobo zasemkhumbini zixhasa amakhaya, futhi lokhu kubaluleke kanti xa ukubhinda ukushisa kakhulu kubala futhi kuthola ukuthuthwa kwezinhlobo zokuthuthwa. Abantu abaningi bengakhathali lokhu xa baxela amathuluzi abo wokusebenza, kepha lokhu kuyinto ebalulekileyo ekuphatheni kwemali ethinta umhlaba okungakhathaliwe kakhulu.
Ukulinganisa izinhlobo zokushisa zasemkhumbini nezinhlobo zokuxhasa zokusebenza ngemali
Kunengoma noma amafani esihlanyayo esenza izingxenye zokusebenza kwezindlu, amafani asesilungu sinesibonelo:
| Isici | Amaphani asesilungu | Amaphani amanje amanele |
|---|---|---|
| Iindleko yokusebenza ngonyaka | $0 | $60–$140 |
| Ukugcina kwekharboni | 0 lbs CO₂/inyanga | 500–1,200 lbs CO₂/inyanga |
| Ukungena | Inkqubo yemotela ngeminyaka | Shintshela amaphakathi ngokwesibini |
Ukungena kwezilungu zokuxhumana nezikolo kancaneza amathuba okunye emayini okutholakala kuzo izisitimela zokuxhumana nezikolo eziphelile.
Isimo: Ukusebenzisa teknoloji yehlukaningana kwezimali zokusebenza ngokwehlanzela
Ngemfundo yeGreenTech Renewables yekuphela kwi-2024, kukhona ukwandiswa okukhulu kwezisisekelo zokuvula ngezolo kwi-2023 ngaphandle kwi-2022 - siyazama ngokuphindwe kabili ngo-28% okuningi kwezinto ezingena kakhulu emakhaya ngaso sikhathi sasemhlabeni. Le nto ikhona yindlela ebonisa izinto ezimbini: izimvume zokubangela ziyaguqula ngokukhawuleza ngokuhlanganisa nezimali ezifanelekileyo, kanti abantu banele ukuthi bafunywa ngokuphindwe kabili ngokusheshayo. Amakhampeni amakhulu ngoku aqala ukufaka amasenseyo e-tsela kwezinto zakhe. Lezi senceyo zilungisa ngokuzenzekela ukuthi izifanekane zivule kakanani ngekuphela kwezinkimbinkimbi kwi-attics nangokwehla kwezinkimbinkimbi. Izinhlelo eziphethwe kune zinhlanu zokuphindwe kabili ngokuphindwe kabili ngo-15% okuningi kuzo zonke izinhlelo eziphambene nezifanekane eziphambene. Le nto iyasemkhakheni ukuthi abakhokwe amakhaya aqaphela kakhulu izisombululo ezingavumele ukuthi zisebenze ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuthi zingavumele ukuthi zisebenze ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuthi zingavumele ukuthi zisebenze ngokushesha.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Izifanise zokuvula ebandleni zasekhaya zenziwa ngokusebenza kwezulu?
Izifanise zokuvula ebandleni zenziwa ngokusebenza kwezulu zizinhlelo zokuvula ebandleni ezisebenzisa amandla wezulu ukuncipha ubukhulu bokuvula kanye nokuthuthukisa ubushusho bokusebenza kwasekhaya.
Yini okwenza ngazo izifanise zokuvula ebandleni zenziwa ngokusebenza kwezulu ukuncipha umsebenzi wamandla?
Zincipha ubukhulu bokuvula, bekuvumela izinhlelo zokuvula nekuphazinywa ukusebenza ngokwenge kanye nokuthuthukisa, okwenza ukuba amandla aphezulu ayinciphe kanye nokuncipha kwezindleko zokuvula.
Bangaki bani abasebenzisa amakhaya ukuncipha ngokusebenzisa izifanise zokuvula ebandleni zenziwa ngokusebenza kwezulu?
Abasebenzisa amakhaya bengena ukuncipha kusukela ku- $180 kuya ku- $520 ngokwesihlanu kwamaklansi, noma yini okwenza ukuba kube yisikhathi sokulanda kusukela ku-2 kuya ku-4 iminyaka, kulingana nohawu kanye nezindleko zokufaka.
Yini engcono lezifanise zokuvula ebandleni zenziwa ngokusebenza kwezulu zinikeza kumhlaba?
Izisebenza ngekho ukuthi kungakhona lutho olukhuphwa, okwenza ukuba ukulinganisa okuphansi kakhulu kwezinhlelo zokuvula eziphambene nezinhlelo zokuvula eziphambene ezokhiwa ukukhupha ikhabhoni dhayoksayidi.
Izifanise zokuvula ebandleni zenziwa ngokusebenza kwezulu ziyathobana nezikhaya ezidaweni?
Yebo, azidingi ukuvuselela kwezinhlelo zokuxhumana, okwenza ukuba zibe yisicelo esihle kuzo amakhaya ezidaweni.
