Ukuguidwa Okuphambiliyo Kwezinhlobo Zokulayisha Zonke Zokusebenza Ngemvula: Imiphumela Nenqubo

Ukucwenga Izingxenye Eziyinkimbinkimbi Zokusebenza Kwemifan Yesiliva Esiselwe kwezulu

Imifan yesiliva esiselwe kwezulu iyasebenzisa le maphaneli aphakathi okwezulu etholakala kakhulu emakhaya ukuguqula izulu esibangelayo kwezimali ephawulwe ngokusebenza kwephoto-voltaic. Ngokwesicathami sokuguqula izindleko ze-Energy Conversion Reports 2023, amanye amaphakathi afika kwezimali phakathi kwe-10 ne-20 watts. Le maphaneli ethumela amandla okwezulu esibangelayo onke ethumela kwezimali ezinhle zokusebenza kwezimali ezingenakho ukuthintana noma kuchaza kakhulu xa isebenzisa. Kunezinhlobo ezithile ezaqhubeka noma ngabekele izulu esibangelayo ethola ngalokho ngalinye, kodwa kunezinye okunezinhli yamakhombandlela e-lithium ion apho kuthiwa amandla aphezulu ngemini noma ema-ndlela enqamayo. Lokhu kuvumela abantu bakhothwa ngendlela engithinteki kakhulu kwezimali eziphathelene nezimali zokusebenza njengoba kwenziwa ngokwezifan esijulile.

Ukuthiwa kweziliva neziliva: Ukuphathwa nokuguqula amandla

Amapheni wokulula kahle kahle akhona kakhulu amapheni aqondisiweyo kuba ahlukanisa umlilo wokulula kuya kwelekthrisithi nge-18 kuya ku-22% yokusebenza. Xa le mapheni ikhiwa amandla, iphumelela kuthiwa ngokubangelwa kwekhiya. Le ndawo ikhipha ikhilethi ukuze amabhethri ingavunyelwe ngokunzima kakhulu. Kunezinhlelo ezintsha eziqukethwe nge teknolojhi engu-MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking). Ngokomcabango wokuxazulwa okupapayiwe ku Solar Tech Journal ngo-2022, lokhu kungaholela ekhuthazeni ukungena kwezulu ngama-30% lapho kuhambisana nezinhlelo ezintsha ze-PWM. Lokhu kungathi yini esenza? Iisicathami sezindawo sisebenza ngokulula noma xa izimo zomhlaba zilala zilungile.

Indima Yezibhethri Zokulayela Kwamapheni Okulula Kuzindlela Zokulula Kakhulu

Ibatteri ezingu-2,000 kuya kuma-10,000 mAh zikhona ngokungenkuluma kuma-5 kuya kuma-8 amahora lapho kungekho ushoni lusulela noma lapho kube nebuli ngemini. Iindleko ezinhle zinezinhloso zokuguqula ngokuzenzekela phakathi kwezindlela zokulayisha nasekugcineni kwebatteri, lokhu kunceda ukuthi kusetshenziswe kahle imikhiqizo yesikhwama esincane. Kunezinye izinto ezinezinhloso zokuhlela ukulingana nokuba kwezimali ezingenziwa ngokuzenzekela, okunceda ukuthi zibe nesikhathi eside kungoba ngama-40% ngokwesicelo eshoniwe kuleli ndinga. Lezi zinhlobo zokuxhumana ngezinye zinezindlela zokusebenza ngendlela efanele ngekuthi kungena ukuphazamiseka, ngaphezulu kwalokho kunceda ukuthi kube lula ukusebenzisa imali esekugcineni kwezindlela zokulayisha.

Izinhloso eziphambene nezinhlobo zezimali ezinamandla aphezulu

Izinhlobo zezimali zokulayisha ngokuzenzekela nezimpawu zazo kuspeedi yokulayisha

Izifanu zasekhaya zisetyenziswa ngokuphanti kwe-monocrystalline enikwe amandla angama-15–20W, enokwandisa ukuguqula kwezulu kuma-22–25% ukuya kumandla ongenelelweyo—ngama-40% efiyisenti ngakumbi kunezinto ezifanayo zasekhaya. Le efisiyenji enkulu iyakuvumela ukulayisha kabusha komkhumbi ngokupheleleyo kuphela ngemva kwe-4–6 iintambo zezulu eziphambene, ngoko ke yinto enqunqwanayo yokugcina ukuchaza emva kwezulu elikhulu.

Umthamo wemkhumbi nokukhetha ukulayisha: Ukulinganisa iimodeli zamanzi

Iimodeli eziphezulu zilandela imikhumbi ye-lithium-ion ephindwa kuma-10,000 ukuya kuma-20,000 mAh asetyenzisa ukulayisha phambili ngokusebenzisa iintambo zase-USB-C kunye nezithuba zokulayisha ngokungqinelwa. Imikhumbi ye-lithium iyagqitha ngokuphindwe kwezikhumbi zasekhaya zangaphambili ngokuba iyagcina amandla angama-80% emva kwezixhobo zokulayisha ezi-500 kwaye iyasebenza ngokuthembekileyo kwiingxaki zezulu ezikhulu kuma-4°F ukuya kuma-140°F.

Ukuxhunyaniswa kwezifanu zasekhaya nezikhumbi zomandla ezingavumelekanga kunye nezikhumbi zasekhaya ezingaphandle

Izinhloso zokusebenza ngokukhulu zingakuphakama kwezinhloso zasemaphetheni 100W noma amabhange aphakama 30,000 mAh, ukun extending runtime beyond 72 hours. Lokhu kwezifinyelelo ezimbili kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthatha amandla asemaphetheni lapho kuyashisa futhi basebenzise amandla ethunyelwe khona lapho kungabona.

Ukuhlolwa kwedizayini: Izindlela ezingapheli ukuhlukile kanye nezisetho zokuhlelwa kwezimali

Idluliswe ngeziloyi ezijwayelekileyo zokuthiwa, lezi zifan isiwo kancane 3-5 lbs futhi bakhiphe ukuphelelwa kwabo. Ngezisetho eziyisikhombisa kanye nezihlo ezingama-180°, bathulela amandla asemaphetheni kusukela ku-10-25 ft - kuyafuna kakhulu amaphetha apholile, izintambo, noma izindawo zokusebenza.

Ukuphelelwa kanye nokukhululeka kwezimali kuzindlela zangasekhaya

Ngokuthiwa nezimboni eziphathelene ne-IP65 futhi zinezhaki ezingavulanga ukubulawa, izifanu zasolari zokubona zilungiselela ukuvuka, ukwesha noma ukushukubela. Izivivinywa ngokwesibonelo zikhombisa ukuthi izifanu eziphambene zilavula 95% yazo maphakathi wokuvukela emanzini embi nasezindlini zokhewula nezindawo ezinemoya.

Ukulinganisa Kweqembu Lokuqala

Izimphakathi Eziphambene neMigomo yokusebenzisa I-Fans ezingenakulandelwa kweSithududu kumaqondo ezingenakulandelwa kweGrid nezimalayezo

Izimphakathi Zokulandelwa kwezulu kumaQondo Amanzi: Ukuncipha kwezindlela zokuphuma kweCarbon

Ngokusebenzisa umbane ngokuphelele, izifan isiGaba kuzinikeza amamedlo angapheli, ukuncipha kwezindlela zokuphuma kweCarbon ngokuphela 90%kunoma izifan eziphelele (ibekwe kumafomu wokulondoloza amandla wokulandelwa kwezulu 2023). Ukuhlonipha kwazo kumaGrids afakwe ngamagaba akhaze ukwenza kuzo njengesigomo sokulandelwa kahle esiyakithuthukisa ukwenza izinto ngokulandelwa kwezulu.

Ukuphela kwezindaba nezimphakathi Ngokusebenzisa I-Fan ezingenakulandelwa kweSithududu

Izifan izinikeza ukuphela kwezindaba ngokuphelele, ukugcina 8-12 i-ore yemphumathi wepahla kusetshenziswa kwangemini. Le ndawo yokhulula kumele kakhulu kubantu abalala kizindlu, kwezindlu zokuphepha kwezimeme nezindulwane zangasemkhawini, kwaqeda ukudinga ukubekwa kwezinhlobo zokulinda noma ukwakhiwa kwamandla wokulethwa kwezinhlobo, futhi kumusa ukudinga kwezinhlobo zasekhaya.

Oku kunciphisa izindleko zokusebenzela ngokuhlongene nezifani zokushisa

Noma izindleko zokuqala zilula kusukela $80-$200 izifani zasolari zimima izindleko ezingenakudala. Ngemva kweminyaka mitandathu, abasebenzisi bakhumbula $300-$500 ngokuhlanganisa nezifani ezijwayelekile ngokuthi azixhunye amandla wokulayishwa. Ubunzima bawo bokwenza - bokusebenzisa iphlasitiki ye-ABS enembile kakhulu nezinhloti ezifihla ukungcola - bafuna futhi ukunciphisa izindleko zokubuyisa futhi zibe yimali engaphelanga.

Ukubambisa nezindlela zokusebenzisa izifani zasolari

Ubukhulu nezobukhulu bezifani zasolari: Kuyisicelo esifanelekileyo kwezindulwane nezindulwane zangasemkhawini

Izifan yesiliva zamanje zinethembekile kakhulu ngokuthi usebenzisa amaluminiyo obude besikhangiso, lokhu kwenza ukuthi zilayele kakhulu. Ezinye izinhlobo ziphuma ngezansi kuka-3 ipa hlanganaye fela kakhulu uthuthwe ngama-450 CFM wokuvuleka kwamagugu, oku kwenza ukuthi zingxenye nezifan eziphelele ezinhlobo eziphezulu. Izibhobho zifolwa futhi iziphaneli zesiliva zifuthwa kusukela kuhulumeni kwe-12 pula 12 indini xa kuzothuthwa, ngakho akuzihlela amakhanda kakhulu ekubekeni kwamapakethi. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi zibe yisicelo esihle kubaphelo bakithi abathanda ukuthi bathule kakhulu okunye noma ukuthi bathole ukuvuleka okuphezulu. Isigaba sokuphila kwezindleko zomoya nesiliva nesigaba esikhona esikhundleni 2024 sasemkhathini lezindleko zomoya zilandelwe.

Imiphumela yesifan yesiliva ekuphileni: ukuvuleka okuthembekile ngaphandle kokufinyelela kwekhaya

Lezi fani zinezimithi zasemoyeni ezifanayo nezokweyiswa kwezinombolo ezingu-5W ukuya kwezi-20W namaggeba amalithiyam khona ezingu-10,000 ukuya kwezi-25,000 mAh, ngoko ke abasebenzisa engithi kudinga ukuxhumana nesithuthi esekhaya. Ngendawo yokuqinisekisa eYosemite ngemva kwezintathu zemihla, lezi zinhloso zisebenza ngemva kwezingu-18 thelele ngemihla ngelokho bekunokuthola kuphela iminithi engu-4 yesithuthi ngemihla. Lokhu kuhamba ngaphezulu kwezi fani ezisetyenziswa ngokusebenzisa iUSB ngokuphelele kwiimathematiki zethu. Iindlela zokulinganisa ukusebenza kwezilithi zivumela abasebenzisi ukulandelela ukuphathwa kwamaggeba ngokulula ngelokho ukuba kuyasebenza kakhulu kwezokugqithwa kwezicala nezixa zilandela ukuba kuyasebenza kakhulu kwegama le-IPX4 ukuya kwi-IPX6. Lezi zinto zenza kuba yimali kakhulu ngokuba izimo zokulula zingathatha isantya kwezasekatheni.

Ukusebenzisa iifani zasemoyeni ngaphandle: Iindlela zasekhaya, Iindlela zomdloti, nezindlu zokuxhuma ngokulula

Ababhali baze bathatha iifani zasemoyeni ngokulandelela izimo zokusebenza zazo:

Imimodeli yasehlaweni enenqubo yokunqamula amanzi yeklipi engcinyelwe ngokuthatha izinkelingo ezingcolweni nge-15°F, ngokwemibuzo ye-2023.

Imisebenzi Yefani Enejini: Imisebenziso Emyeni

Izingu-1/3 zezindlu ezingaphandle kwezindaba ezingu-Alaska zisebenzisa izifani ezinejini ukulungisa ukungena kwamagugu, okwenza kube khona izindleko ezingama-$220 kuzo ngamunye ngonyaka ngokwemibuzo yokuqala kwe-2024. Futhi phansi kuzo nezindaba ezingenehlaweni ezifana ne-Ghana, abantu bakhuthaza izicathami zezifani ezinguquliwe, bakhumela phambi kazo ukunqamula amanzi kwezindleke xa kwaqala ukuvuka. Lezi zifani ezincane zingakhipha phakathi kwezindleko nezilithiwe ngokuzenzekela. Zazi futhi ukuthi yini ebaluleke - ukuvikela ukuthi kwenzeke ukungena kwamagugu kuzindawo eziphilokweni njengokwelashwa kwezilali noma kuzindawo okugcineniwe kwezinto ukudla ukwengeza ukuthi kuthengwe emhlabeni.

Ukuphumelela Kwezindleko: Imigomo Nezinkomba Zokukhetha Okuhle

Imipongo yokusebenzisa imifanu yesiliva ngemva kwenyanga noma kuzimboni

Imifanu yesiliva iyadondisa kakhulu kumoya ocacileyo, ngakho kube lula ukusebenza kazo kuzimboni - i-output ye-photovoltaic ingavamisa ngama-70% (i-Renewables Journal 2023). Ukusebenzisa ngemini iyadondisa ngokuphelele kumoya olungileyo, kodwa ukulayisha okungqondile kuzindawo ezijikelezileyo njengase-Pacific Northwest noma eNingizimu Europa kungavimela amahora esikhaleni ngemva komhlaba kuba ngu-4-6 amahora.

Ubudlelwane ne-Dependency yeSiliva: Ukuphathwa kweDatha

Ubukhulu be-battery bangelaphaya ngokudla ukusebenzisa kuzimboni. Izinhlansi ezine-battery ye-lithium-ion engu-20Ah zinikeza amahora angu-8-12 wokusebenza ngemini, kodwa izinhlansi zika-10Ah zilala ngu-4-5 amahora. Sicabanga amabatteries enqotshelwe kuma-500 cycles ane-80% we-capacity retention; izinhlansi ezinzani zingavamisa kuma-50% ngaphakathi kuma-200 cycles.

Ukucabangana: Imifanu yesiliva iyabongwa ngaso sonke sezemzini?

Noma kakhulu yindlela esebenza ngayo emaswelini, izifanu zasemoyeni zikhona izizwe zokusebenza emaswambo okanye emaswambo amaningi. Isibonelo esilandelwe ngemvula yasebenzisa 2023 sobudala 43% wabantu basekulu babengelanga ukusebenza okungahlelwa ngokwehlonya noma ukungasebenzi kwezulu. Kodwa, izinhlobo zokuxhuma nezokugcina ngokushintshana kwezokugcinwa kwe AC/DC zabalisa ukuthembekile kwezinye izimo zasemoyeni.

Ukutheni Ukukhetha Ifanu Lasesemoyeni Ngokwe Amathambo, Ukuthuthwa, Noma Inani

Xa ubuya futhi uyithenga amapaneli e-solar, bheka lezi ozokwenzela okungenani 20% yokusebenza ngokuthi lokhu kwenza uhlu oluncane olukhulu kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngokwehla kwesikhathi. I-bhatteri kufanele ibe yinhukume yesikhathi labantu badinga amandla xa kungena kwezikhundla noma kwezihlolo ngaphandle kwekhelini. Abasebenzisa amakhampi kudinga okungafanele kube khona ukubetha noma yikuphi into engeza kancane kanye nezimpawu ezincane (isilinganiso se-IP65 sifuna ukusebenza kahle). Kwezinto eziphakeme kakhulu, ukusebenzisa amawati 30 noma kangaka kungenzeka ukuthola iziphumo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke xa kuhlanganiswa nezinto ezinikeza amandla okwenza uhlobo lwesithunywa esikhulu kakhulu. Bona abathengi abangasebenzi kakhulu kwezinto ezinemali ephakeme kakhulu, kubantu abangama-80 kuya kuma-150 dola, lokhu kungenzeka ukuthola inani elikhulu lezinto. Lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kuhlanganise kakhulu nezinto ezifana nezindawo ze-USB-C ukulayisha amadivayisi ngokushesha nezinhlelo zokuhlela isikhathi ezivumela abasebenzisa ukukhetha xa amandla akhona kugcinwa noma isebenziswa.

Isikhombisi Sokuqala

Iziphi izinhlobo eziphambene zemoto yesilinda esinamandla wesilinda?

Imifanisa yesilinda isinamandla wesilinda ingaba yindlela yokuphathwa kwezilinda, ikhontrola yokulayisha, ibhatteri engeke yahlakane, ne-motor yemoto. Lezi zinhlobo zihlanganisa ukuthi zilinda kube yimali.

Yini indawo emhlophe ingasebenzi noma kungabi silinda?

Kulokhu kubangelwa ukubamba kwe-bhatteri, imifanisa yesilinda ingasebenza ngemva kwamahora angu-5 ku-8 noma kungabi silinda. Imibhatteri enobukhulu obukhulu ingathola ukusebenza okude, ngakumbi uma kuhle kakhulu.

Yini indawo ephumelelayo kakhulu kumasebenzisa imifanisa yesilinda?

Imifanisa yesilinda iyafanele kumasebenzisa kuzindawo ezilinda, futhi ingasebenza kahle kuzindawo ngaphandle, kwekampi, nezindawo ezingenakuphansi kwezimali. Imiyo efanayo yasebenziswe kuzindawo efanayo njengokwesibhakabhaka nezindawo zokuthula.

Ngaba imifanisa yesilinda ingasebenziswa ngemini?

Yebo, imifanisa yesilinda ingasebenziswa ngemini ngokusebenzisa amandla wesilinda. Kodwa, isikhathi sokusebenza sizoba kuyililo kubukhulu kwe-bhatteri nezilinda esikhathini esiphambene.